'Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 615-622. British History Online
@@@ Oct. 17-28. 1668 Barbados #1856. Minutes of the Council of Barbados.
An order of the Assembly for 30 butts of sugar to be sent home for carrying on this island's addresses to his Majesty, according to the Council's desire, if his Excellency will say he will promote the interest of this country, and therein observe their memorials. Passed and consented to by Governor Willoughby, Nov. 16, 1668.
... [SEE OCT. 27, 28 FOR MORE] 4-½ pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XI., pp. 173-177.] --- William, Lord WILLOUGHBY, 6th Baron of Parham MP (1616 – 1673), Gov. Barbados (1666 – 1673)
Indorsed, Read Dec. 9, 1668. 1 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 63.] --- William, Lord WILLOUGHBY, 6th Baron of Parham MP (1616 – 1673), Gov. Barbados (1666 – 1673) --- Tobias Bridge fought for Parliament in the English Civil Wars, served the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell during the Interregnum, and after the Restoration he served Charles II. A year after he was knighted in 1666, Col. Sir Tobias Bridge was sent to Barbados with his regiment. In 1672 he commanded the local land forces against Tobago in one of the many wars over that island. In 1674 he was admitted to the council of Barbados. He probably died in Bridgetown, the capital of Barbados which was named after him, but no record has been found of the date. https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10… (you need a subscription)
'Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 615-622. British History Online
Oct. 14. 1668 Barbados. #1854. Gov. Wm. Lord Willoughby to the Privy Council.
Their Lordships' commands of 20th May, touching the disbanding and paying off Sir Tobias Bridge's regiment, proved a task so difficult that their countermand of 31st July arrived in time to prevent it.
Immediately he understood that his Majesty had commanded that Sir Tobias Bridge should be put in possession of his moiety of the revenue, and therewith pay his regiment and the debts contracted for this island's service, and support the charges of government here, Lord Willoughby immediately put him in possession, and has promised himself this satisfaction, that besides ease from so great a trouble and complaints, the accounts would more justify the truth of his own than any other arguments he could have given.
But how far this may tend to his Majesty's disservice their Lordships may judge, in regard the regiment's pay will amount to more than his Majesty moiety can satisfy, nor will ought be remaining to answer the creditors here or support the Government; whereby the Act that gave the revenue a being, becoming wholly subverted, and the many persons who loyally are in advance on the credit thereof utterly defeated, the inhabitants and representatives have taken all occasions to express their resentment; and though they have hitherto given considerable sums for the regiment's quarters, he has too much cause to suspect their continuance in that way.
Though he has not been wanting in laying before them the necessity of his Majesty's present affairs.
Has put the matter of Kingsland's petition on examination, and referred himself to Kingsland's greatest friends, being confident that if the least glance of truth appear he will be sufficiently justified, and the malice and falsehood of every particular in that petition detected.
Is also informed how the Dutch have made loud clamours against pretended actions of his sons at Surinam, but as his Majesty has given leave for his return to England will in a few days embark, and refers his vindication to that occasion. Has a great aversion from "that reproachful way of complaining, so suitable to the dishonourable temper of that nation, at such a distance as this;" but when in England will prove to their faces that their agents at Surinam have by many lewd actions tyrannized over his Majesty's subjects and confined their persons to prevent their departure from thence to some other place in these parts within his Majesty's dominions suitable to the Articles of Peace.
'Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 615-622. British History Online
@@@ Oct. 13. 1668 Barbados. #1853. Sir Tobias Bridge to the Privy Council.
Received theirs of 31st July, when his regiment was ready to be disbanded according to their order of 20th May [see ante, No. 1754], which had been done could Lord Willoughby have found out any means to have paid arrears, which his Lordship was very solicitous about, but which is left to their Lordships' consideration to make provision for.
Will with all diligence and faithfulness discharge the trust reposed in him concerning his Majesty's moiety of the 4½ per cent., but as no sugar is like to be made till after January next, they will be in great straits to subsist till that time.
Lord Willoughby has put him in possession of the receipt of that duty, which will fall very short of their Lordships' expectations, and will return punctual accounts, together with the muster rolls.
Indorsed, Rec. 7th, read Dec. 11th, 1668. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 62.] --- William, Lord WILLOUGHBY, 6th Baron of Parham MP (1616 – 1673), Gov. Barbados (1666 – 1673) --- Tobias Bridge fought for Parliament in the English Civil Wars, served the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell during the Interregnum, and after the Restoration he served Charles II. A year after he was knighted in 1666, Col. Sir Tobias Bridge was sent to Barbados with his regiment. In 1672 he commanded the local land forces against Tobago in one of the many wars over that island. In 1674 he was admitted to the council of Barbados. He probably died in Bridgetown, the capital of Barbados which was named after him, but no record has been found of the date. https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10… (you need a subscription)
'Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 615-622. British History Online
@@@ [Oct. 7.] 1668 Barbados? #1852. Petition of Edward Bradbourne, merchant, to Charles II and Council.
About five years past petitioner commenced a suit in Barbados against one James Beake for account of the produce of his plantation called Hilcotts, of which Beake had been for two years bailiff; but petitioner being sick and unable to attend the court, the auditors took Beake's account ex parte, and reported the plantation to be debtor to Beake in 297,752 lbs. of sugar, on which Beake has obtained judgment.
Prays for a mandamus to Lord Willoughby to set aside the judgment, and appoint indifferent auditors, before whom a fair account may be made and judgment given.
Indorsed, Recd. 7, read in Council, Oct. 9, 1668. 1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 61.] --- William, Lord WILLOUGHBY, 6th Baron of Parham MP (1616 – 1673), Gov, Barbados (1666 – 1673)
'Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 615-622. British History Online
@@@ Oct. 5. 1668 Jamaica. #1851. Gov. Sir Thos. Modyford to the Duke of Albemarle.
Has made bold to present another paper, whereby the cruelty and false dealing of our neighbors is manifested.
It is certainly true that this island of Providence had never any white men on it until the English came, who first felled the trees and planted the land; so that though these privateers had no order to take it, yet having once restored his Majesty to his ancient right, the retaking of it is a violating of the peace which they so much pretend to in these parts, which, with the breach of articles and ill-usage of our countrymen, is humbly referred to further consideration.
Incloses, Deposition of Robt. Rawlinsone, Isaac Webber, and Richard Cree, before Sir Thos. Modyford, concerning the Spaniards' dealings with the English upon Providence Island.
The 1st August 1666, having espied six sail of Spanish men-of-war, the Governor, Major Samuel Smith, commanded the inhabitants, "we were but one and fifty men," to keep in five or six forts on the Lesser Island;
they fought the Spaniards four days, until four forts being taken they surrendered on condition of having a small barque to transport them to Jamaica.
But when they had laid down their arms the Spaniards refused them the barque, and carried them slaves to Porto Bello, where they were chained to the ground in a dungeon 12 foot by 10, in which were 33 prisoners.
They were forced to work in the water from five in the morning till seven at night, and at such a rate that the Spaniards confessed they made one of them do more work than any three negroes, yet when weak with want of victuals and sleep they were knocked down and beaten with cudgells, and four or five died.
Having no clothes, their backs were blistered with the sun, their heads scorched, their necks, shoulders, and hands raw with carrying stones and mortar, their feet chopped, and their legs bruised and battered with the irons, and their corpses were noisome one to another.
The daily abuses of their religion and their King, and the continual trouble they had with friars, would be tedious to mention.
Certified to be a true copy by Sir Thos. Modyford, 5th Oct. 1668. Together 2-½ pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., Nos. 60, 60 I.]
Nov. 18. 1668 Whitehall. #1875. Order of the King in Council annulling a previous Order of the King in Council of 23rd Oct. 1667.
Whereas the Council of Trade have represented that the merchants are withdrawing their estates from New York by reason of an indulgence granted to the Dutch by an Order in Council of 23rd Oct. 1667, to trade thither with three ships for seven years; and allege that it will prevent the exportation of the manufactures of England; and that his Majesty is not bound thereto by the Articles for the surrender of New York; and do therefore desire that said Order and the passes thereupon granted may be revoked.
His Majesty approves the same, and hereby orders that said Order in Council of 23rd Oct. 1667 and all passes granted by virtue thereof to any Dutch ships to trade from Holland to New York be annulled; yet, lest his Majesty's subjects there be in want of necessaries, and reflecting with clemency on those who may have been put to charge in making ready their ships, it is ordered that one of those now preparing in Holland for New York shall have leave to make one voyage thither this year; but no other foreign ship whatsoever henceforth, otherwise than according to said articles of surrender.
The Governor of New York and all others to cause the same to be duly observed. Immediate notice is to be given to Sir Wm. Temple, his Majesty's Ambassador in Holland.
1-½ pp. Printed in New York Documents, III., 177, 178. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 84.] === Richard Nicolls (born 1624, Ampthill, Bedfordshire — died May 28, 1672, in the Battle of Solebay in the North Sea), the first English governor of the province of New York. Nicolls resigned the governorship in 1668 and returned to England, where he resumed his post as gentleman of the bedchamber to the Duke of York. Upon the outbreak of the Third Anglo-Dutch War in 1672, Nicolls volunteered to fight and was killed at Solebay. https://www.britannica.com/biogra…
Many English colonists did not like Nicolls because they thought Oliver Cromwell had been their savior.
Francis Lovelace (c. 1621–1675) was an English Royalist and the second Governor of New York colony. The Duke of York appointed Lovelace in 1668 after the departure of Richard Nicolls. While in office he purchased Staten Island from the local Native Americans, among whom he sent Church of England missionaries, granted 'freedom of conscience' to the English, Dutch and Swedish populations of the colony, organised infantry and militia companies and expanded New York City's defences. During his time in NY, he ran and operated the King's House tavern (also known as Lovelace Tavern) in lower Manhattan. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fra…
[Nov.] 1668 #1874. Report of the Council of Trade to the King.
They have received great complaints from the merchants and others trading to his Majesty's Plantations, and more especially that of New York, where they are altogether discouraged and withdrawing their estates.
Which complaints are grounded on an Order of Council of 23rd October 1667, whereby three or more ships are authorized to trade from Holland to New York for seven years; which will carry as much linen, shoes, stockings, clothes, and other commodities as will not only supply New York, but Virginia, Barbados, and New England in a great measure, which if suffered, not only a great part of his Majesty's customs but the principal part of the Plantation trade will be lost. Which order is said to be grounded on the 6th and 7th articles for the rendition of New York, but the Council do not find that his Majesty has any longer obligation by said articles to grant freedom of trade to the Dutch or any others beyond the first six months after said rendition, nor does the petition of Peter Stuyvesant so much as desire it, but it appears rather a mistake in drawing up said order, which only praying trade for his Majesty's subjects of New York, gains an order for the Dutch nation with three ships for seven years.
Humbly advise therefore that for the encouragement of English trade and manufactures, His Majesty forthwith revoke said order of 23 Oct. 1667, and all passes thereupon granted, and if passes have been granted for any ships already prepared in Holland for that trade, yet if not dispatched before the 10th inst., such passes shall not be of force after that day, and that if any presume to trade with his Majesty's Plantations that they be dealt with as by the Acts for Navigation and encouragement of trade is enacted and declared.
Signed by Lords Ashley and Carlisle and 15 others. 3 pp. Printed in New York Documents, III., 175, 176, where two lines have been omitted from the original in the last paragraph but one. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 83.]
Pepys doesn't see anyone at Whitehall today because they are in Council figuring out some quite difficult problems, unlike our Diarist whose behaving worse than a 17 year old.
@@@ 'America and West Indies: November 1668', in Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 622-629. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…
Pages 622-629
@@@ Nov. 18. 1668 Whitehall. #1873. Order of the King in Council. Present the King, Duke of York, Prince Rupert, Archbishop of Canterbury, and 24 others.
On petition of the owners of the Pearl of Bristol, praying for speedy payment of 1,475/. 8s. 8d., for the service of said ship at Nevis and St. Christopher's, and the report of the Lords of the Treasury of 10 June last on same.
That the expense, damage, and freight of said ship should be paid, but besides the want of money in his Majesty Exchequer here, they conceive it should be paid out of his Majesty's revenue in the Caribbee Islands; and the rather that the demands of petitioners may be more fully examined there, and a better conclusion made than can be at so great a distance, it is thought fit, that order be sent to the Governor of Barbados to settle the accounts with the Council there as low as he can, and cause order of payment to be entered in a register for debts of this kind, to which any creditors may freely have recourse, and that a register be also kept, to which creditors may also have access, of all his Majesty's revenues, a proportion to be set apart for supporting the charge of the Governor and the remainder for the creditors, according to the order of the register. This their Lordships hope may tend to the satisfaction of the creditors and make it their interest to discover all frauds which are by some said to be practised.
Ordered that Sec. Lord Arlington cause a letter and instructions according to the above-mentioned report to be sent to Lord Willoughby and Council, to cause the same to be duly executed. 2-½ pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 82.] === William, 6th Baron Willoughby of Parham MP has been given the governorship of the ‘Charibbee”. See his report of 9 July, 1668 https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… https://www.historyofparliamenton…
'America and West Indies: November 1668', in Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 622-629. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…
Pages 622-629
@@@ Nov. 16? 1668 Barbados. #1871. John Reid to (Sec. Lord Arlington).
Refers to his last of 13th July by Mr. Walker.
This goes by his Excellency, who he questions not will acquit himself with honor of the aspersions of his enemies, having been very active in his Majesty's service, and very impartial in distribution of justice.
"But, my Lord, we here are generally fiery spirited, and a mean planter thinks himself better than a good gentleman fellow in England, by which your Honour may conjecture, it is not easy to please all, and I shall only make bold to tell your Lordship in his favour, A adaxio Castellano, no hagaris y no temeis, which will be verified in him."
Lord Willoughby carries account of the prize Golden Lyon; makes bold to mind the Lords Commissioners for prizes of the salary promised him, and intreats his Honour to forward it.
@@@ Nov. 17. 1668 Barbados #1872. Minutes of the Council of Barbados.
Whereas his Excellency intends a voyage to the Leeward Isles and thence to England, and has occasion to take off his Majesty's Great Seal with him;
ordered that the seal in the hands of George Thornburgh, Chief Clerk of the Chancery, shall be used for all subpœnas, commissions, and writts whatsoever issuing from this Court till the Broad Seal be returned.
1 p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XI, p. 178.] === I suppose His Excellency is William, 6th Baron Willoughby of Parham MP. He's left for England, taking the official Great Seal with him so no one can do anything official while he's away? "I rolled it in my socks by accident, Your Honor." No, I don't think that would fly.
In 1668 James, Duke of York expressed tacit approval of plunder when he sent the Oxford to take command of the Jamaican privateers and ensure himself a good share of the prize monies, although he was disappointed as the ship was blown up in an accident soon after arriving in the Caribbean.
The Stuart brothers and various courtiers had investments in other ships although it proved difficult to extract a profit at a distance and most of the large prize money went to those on the spot in the Caribbean.
With semi-official sanction Gov. Sir Thomas Modyford pursued his pro-privateering policy, with one short break, until the end of his government in 1671, and the period, which witnessed the famous exploits of Henry Morgan at Portobello and Panama, is known as the heyday of the buccaneers.
By his Majesty cherishing this island it is incredible what it might be; and if some additions of cattle be put in Barbuda, a few years will find it the shambles for his Majesty's fleets sent here.
Had presented these and many other matters of concernment in person, had not his Majesty ordered his continuance in these parts. 7 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. V., pp. 115-121.]
Has sent home an account of his demand for St. Kitts, and can now of two other voyages thither since to his Majesty's great charge.
Saba And Eustatia: Within three and ten leagues of St. Kitts, lost in the late war; Saba taken and planted by the French and Dutch, and Eustatia by the Dutch. These islands are very considerable to St. Kitts, especially Saba, which is of great strength and easily defensible by a few against vast numbers; the French very lately, to avoid restitution to his Majesty, have put in a Dutchman Governor.
Far leeward of St. Kitts lies Anguilla, on which are 200 or 300 English, mostly fled thither during the war; 'tis not worth keeping, and most would come off to Antigua could they get a passage; Capt. Abraham Howell is Governor.
On an island called Tortola are 80 Irish, English, and Welsh under the Dutch, who only want means to come off. Concluded a peace with the Indians in March last, whereby his Majesty has a right to all the islands.
At San Domingo has commissioned one Warner, "a Musteech," whose father was Governor of St. Kitts and his mother an Indian, and who has suffered exceedingly by the French for his loyalty to the English.
Sta. Lucia is his Majesty's by purchase from the natives; has the conveyance; it is about the bigness of Barbados; covered with woods, and not above 60 Indians on it; very unhealthful, and formerly planted by English, who almost all died there; plenty of excellent timber, whereof the French carry great quantities to Martinique and Guadaloupe.
St. Vincents: About the bigness of Barbados, and covered with wood; inhabited only by Indians and blacks, who acknowledge themselves subjects to the King of England. The Indians are turbulent and active; must always keep English among them to put them upon some warlike design against some nation on the main, the better to divert them from acting any mischief against the English colonies, for the French are frequently among them and ready to invite them to breach and blood; must furnish them with toys and strong liquors for a while, for which, and for some of their periagoes (Indian boats), for which there is great necessity at Antigua, he must put his Majesty to some expense.
Concludes with a reiteration of what is necessary here: Firstly, a fleet of nimble vessels, for dispersing orders to his dispersed government, gleaning up the many English from the French islands who are too poor to pay for their passages, and one good frigate for his own transport, and to justify his Majesty's flag on occasion. Secondly, arms and ammunition. Thirdly, some privileges for a time for Antigua, which might be made the emporium of the Indies by reason of its situation, harbors, and richness of soil.
Antigua: Not inferior to Barbados in bigness, and in soil equaling the best of the Caribbees; incomparable harbors; his son Henry, Governor; 1,100 men on the island, formed into a regiment, but the greatest part want arms. Without some privileges for a time it can never rise to any greatness, but once furthered by his Majesty's favor it will prove a second Barbados. The land having been regained from the French, all old titles and claims were made void by an Act sent for his Majesty's confirmation, by which the grand quantities engrossed by former Governors and their favorites are free for settlers. Has confirmed their lands to all present inhabitants, and passed an Act for 4½ per cent., but not to be collected till his Majesty's pleasure be known. Also an Act for allowing 10 acres per head to settlers, and has appointed two places for towns adjoining the most commodious harbors, and reserved convenient lands for his Majesty's use near the best, called English harbor; they will suddenly make great crops of tobacco and some sugar, and it would be of great concernment if the Royal [African] Company would order supplies of negroes, but one of the chiefest wants of all the islands is pious, learned, and orthodox divines.
About eight leagues to northward and in his son's government is Barbuda, half as big, and the most proper island in the Indies for cattle, horses, and sheep; it has been settled and deserted, but he has since resettled it.
Montserrat: Seven leagues leeward of Antigua, very fertile, and well re-settled; most of the inhabitants Irish; first empowered one Stanley, an old planter, Governor, but has now commissioned Stapleton, Lt.-Col. to Sir Tobias Bridge, a gentleman of known valor and integrity and born in Ireland, and therefor understands the better to govern his countrymen.
Nevis: Leeward of this island 14 leagues, which the late war and long settling have much decayed, and the late hurricane greatly injured; the inhabitants were overburdened with ruined families forced thither for refuge during the war, and were exceedingly grateful and civil to the soldiers, even beyond their abilities; the island is sickly and many chief settlers are removing for Antigua; has continued Col. James Russell Governor.
@@@ [July 9.] 1668 [Barbados.] #1788. Gov. Wm. Lord Willoughby to the Lords of the Council.
Has formerly given an account of his government, but will now present them with a more perfect relation by his son William, experience and personal observation having better enabled him to do so.
Barbados: Contains 100,000 acres, and renders not by two-thirds its former production by the acre; the land is almost worn out, the thickets where cotton and corn are planted so burnt up that the inhabitants are ready to desert their plantations. It is divided into 11 parishes, with ministers whose lives for the generality run counter to their doctrines, but not less than 60,000 souls, of which 40,000 blacks, whose different tongues and animosities have kept them from insurrection, but fears the Creolian generation now growing up and increasing may hereafter "mancipate" their masters.
The militia consists of six regiments of foot, two of horse, and a life guard, in all about 6,000; the forts are few and none of the strongest, and for artillery no island in the universe of half such concernment is half so ill furnished: the magazine was large, but was consumed with the town, and arms and ammunition are greatly wanting at Antigua, Montserrat, and Nevis.
The town was large and populous but very disorderly built; has ordered it to be rebuilt according to a form drawn by Commissioners, but finds a great averseness to it.
Has presented their Lordships by his son with the names of all in ecclesiastical, civil, and military offices.
'America and West Indies: November 1668', in Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 622-629. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…
Pages 622-629
@@@ Nov. 12. 1668 Essex House.
#1870. Order of the Council of Trade.
That Sec. Lord Arlington be desired to represent to his Majesty as the advice of this Council, — that whereas both by the Treaty of Breda and the private Articles granted to the inhabitants of Surinam the 24 Febry./6 March. 1667, by the Dutch commander Abraham Crynsens, and afterwards confirmed by him when he took possession of the place, the English have liberty to depart thence at any time with their goods, servants, &c.; and that said privilege is denied them, and the late Governor Serj.-Major Banister has been sent to Zealand prisoner for having demanded the benefit of said Treaty and private Articles.
His Majesty may take order for the effectual execution of said Treaty and Articles and for redress of the injuries done. Signed by P. Du Moulin, Sec. Also, Mem. of the articles above mentioned.
Together 2 papers. 1½ pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., Nos. 79, 80.]
Charles II returns to Whitehall ... they are expecting a visitor of France:
In 1660, England having lately been regarded as a first-rate Protestant power, and Charles II being viewed with suspicion in England as being half a Romanist, the French government resolved to send a Protestant envoy to compliment Charles on his restoration. Henri de Massue, Marquis de Ruvigny was selected as a most eligible nobleman, particularly because he was also the brother-in-law of Treasurer Wriothesley, the Earl of Southampton.
The Marquis had other acquaintances in England, among whom was the Countess-Dowager of Derby, née Charlotte de la Tremoïlle. Lady Derby wrote to her cousin and sister-in-law, the Duchess de la Tremoïlle from London, 13 August, 1660, “I shall be very glad if M. De Ruvigny comes; I was acquainted with him before; but I did not know he was so much attached to you; and I will do as you wish.” [11]
Secretary Sir William Nicholas wrote, 24 August, 1660, “Monsieur De Ruvigny is coming as envoy from France.”
Robert Covin, master of the ship Alliance of Dieppe, petitioned “for an order for exemption from tonnage — is employed for transport of the horses, baggage, &c, of Monsieur De Ruvigny, a person of state lately come from France, and hath brought no other goods; such vessels are usually exempt from duty.”
Secretary Nicholas again wrote on September 6, 1660: “Monsieur De Ruvigny, French Envoy, has had several audiences.”
The Countess-Dowager of Derby, Charlotte de la Tremoïlle, wrote on September 22, 1660: “M. De Ruvigny has been twice to see me.”
About this time Henri de Massue, Marquis de Ruvigny seems to have been made a French Privy Councillor, for in 1661 Daillé’s Exposition of 1st Timothy was published, dedicated to Monsieur De Ruvigny, as “Conseiller du Roi en ses conseils, Lieutenant-General de ses armées, et Deputé-General des Eglises Reformées de France auprès de sa Majesté.”
@@@ 11. Lady Derby was Charlotte, daughter of Claude, Duc de la Tremoïlle by Lady Charlotte Brabantine de Nassau, daughter of William the Silent, Prince of Orange, and Charlotte de Bourbon Montpensier, the prince’s third wife. She was writing to Marie de la Tour d’Auvergne, daughter of the Duc de Bouillon by Elizabeth de Nassau, and grand-daughter of William the Silent, and his fourth wife, Louise de Coligny.
When the French church in the Savoy, London, was opened on 14 July 1661, Lady Derby was present with her daughter Amelia Sophia, Countess of Athole. Charles II esteemed Lady Derby highly and promised to make her the governess of his children; but the expected royal family was never born. She died in 1664, aged 83.
@@@ No doubt Charles II admired Lady Derby because of her spirited defense of Lathom House. It is one of the classic stories about the English Civil Wars: http://www.historyofwar.org/artic…
In connection with the first of these excuses, de Ruvigny at this date did not despair of the French Protestants obtaining the lasting protection of Louis XIV. Ruvigny was in the habit of warning the king that the furious and blind zeal of his confessor and of the provincial magistrates would drive out of him the generosity and equity which were natural to him. The odium of frequent oppressions and persecutions was always imputed to Roman Catholic priests and bigoted advisers, and not to the king himself, who was believed to be tolerant and humane. Religion was not a subject of which the monarch had any accurate knowledge, or for which he had any enthusiastic predilection; and the feuds of the Jesuits and Jansenists within the pale of the Roman Catholic Church were fitted to weaken his attachment to that body, and also to contradict the theory that there would be peace and unanimity if there were no Huguenot party in the kingdom. The Protestant people commended themselves to Louis XIV by their honesty, industry, and talents. https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
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Second Reading
About Thursday 15 October 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
'Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 615-622. British History Online
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…
October 1668
@@@
Oct. 17-28. 1668
Barbados
#1856. Minutes of the Council of Barbados.
An order of the Assembly for 30 butts of sugar to be sent home for carrying on this island's addresses to his Majesty, according to the Council's desire, if his Excellency will say he will promote the interest of this country, and therein observe their memorials.
Passed and consented to by Governor Willoughby, Nov. 16, 1668.
... [SEE OCT. 27, 28 FOR MORE]
4-½ pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XI., pp. 173-177.]
---
William, Lord WILLOUGHBY, 6th Baron of Parham MP (1616 – 1673), Gov. Barbados (1666 – 1673)
About Wednesday 14 October 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
Indorsed, Read Dec. 9, 1668.
1 pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 63.]
---
William, Lord WILLOUGHBY, 6th Baron of Parham MP (1616 – 1673), Gov. Barbados (1666 – 1673)
---
Tobias Bridge fought for Parliament in the English Civil Wars, served the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell during the Interregnum, and after the Restoration he served Charles II.
A year after he was knighted in 1666, Col. Sir Tobias Bridge was sent to Barbados with his regiment. In 1672 he commanded the local land forces against Tobago in one of the many wars over that island. In 1674 he was admitted to the council of Barbados.
He probably died in Bridgetown, the capital of Barbados which was named after him, but no record has been found of the date.
https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10… (you need a subscription)
About Wednesday 14 October 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
'Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 615-622. British History Online
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…
October 1668
@@@
Oct. 14. 1668
Barbados.
#1854. Gov. Wm. Lord Willoughby to the Privy Council.
Their Lordships' commands of 20th May, touching the disbanding and paying off Sir Tobias Bridge's regiment, proved a task so difficult that their countermand of 31st July arrived in time to prevent it.
Immediately he understood that his Majesty had commanded that Sir Tobias Bridge should be put in possession of his moiety of the revenue, and therewith pay his regiment and the debts contracted for this island's service, and support the charges of government here, Lord Willoughby immediately put him in possession, and has promised himself this satisfaction, that besides ease from so great a trouble and complaints, the accounts would more justify the truth of his own than any other arguments he could have given.
But how far this may tend to his Majesty's disservice their Lordships may judge, in regard the regiment's pay will amount to more than his Majesty moiety can satisfy, nor will ought be remaining to answer the creditors here or support the Government;
whereby the Act that gave the revenue a being, becoming wholly subverted, and the many persons who loyally are in advance on the credit thereof utterly defeated, the inhabitants and representatives have taken all occasions to express their resentment;
and though they have hitherto given considerable sums for the regiment's quarters, he has too much cause to suspect their continuance in that way.
Though he has not been wanting in laying before them the necessity of his Majesty's present affairs.
Has put the matter of Kingsland's petition on examination, and referred himself to Kingsland's greatest friends, being confident that if the least glance of truth appear he will be sufficiently justified, and the malice and falsehood of every particular in that petition detected.
Is also informed how the Dutch have made loud clamours against pretended actions of his sons at Surinam, but as his Majesty has given leave for his return to England will in a few days embark, and refers his vindication to that occasion.
Has a great aversion from "that reproachful way of complaining, so suitable to the dishonourable temper of that nation, at such a distance as this;"
but when in England will prove to their faces that their agents at Surinam have by many lewd actions tyrannized over his Majesty's subjects and confined their persons to prevent their departure from thence to some other place in these parts within his Majesty's dominions suitable to the Articles of Peace.
About Tuesday 13 October 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
'Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 615-622. British History Online
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…
October 1668
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Oct. 13. 1668
Barbados.
#1853. Sir Tobias Bridge to the Privy Council.
Received theirs of 31st July, when his regiment was ready to be disbanded according to their order of 20th May [see ante, No. 1754], which had been done could Lord Willoughby have found out any means to have paid arrears, which his Lordship was very solicitous about, but which is left to their Lordships' consideration to make provision for.
Will with all diligence and faithfulness discharge the trust reposed in him concerning his Majesty's moiety of the 4½ per cent., but as no sugar is like to be made till after January next, they will be in great straits to subsist till that time.
Lord Willoughby has put him in possession of the receipt of that duty, which will fall very short of their Lordships' expectations, and will return punctual accounts, together with the muster rolls.
Indorsed, Rec. 7th, read Dec. 11th, 1668.
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 62.]
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William, Lord WILLOUGHBY, 6th Baron of Parham MP (1616 – 1673), Gov. Barbados (1666 – 1673)
---
Tobias Bridge fought for Parliament in the English Civil Wars, served the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell during the Interregnum, and after the Restoration he served Charles II.
A year after he was knighted in 1666, Col. Sir Tobias Bridge was sent to Barbados with his regiment. In 1672 he commanded the local land forces against Tobago in one of the many wars over that island. In 1674 he was admitted to the council of Barbados.
He probably died in Bridgetown, the capital of Barbados which was named after him, but no record has been found of the date.
https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10… (you need a subscription)
About Wednesday 7 October 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
'Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 615-622. British History Online
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…
October 1668
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[Oct. 7.] 1668
Barbados?
#1852. Petition of Edward Bradbourne, merchant, to Charles II and Council.
About five years past petitioner commenced a suit in Barbados against one James Beake for account of the produce of his plantation called Hilcotts, of which Beake had been for two years bailiff;
but petitioner being sick and unable to attend the court, the auditors took Beake's account ex parte, and reported the plantation to be debtor to Beake in 297,752 lbs. of sugar, on which Beake has obtained judgment.
Prays for a mandamus to Lord Willoughby to set aside the judgment, and appoint indifferent auditors, before whom a fair account may be made and judgment given.
Indorsed, Recd. 7, read in Council, Oct. 9, 1668.
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 61.]
---
William, Lord WILLOUGHBY, 6th Baron of Parham MP (1616 – 1673), Gov, Barbados (1666 – 1673)
About Monday 5 October 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
'Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 615-622. British History Online
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…
October 1668
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Oct. 5. 1668
Jamaica.
#1851. Gov. Sir Thos. Modyford to the Duke of Albemarle.
Has made bold to present another paper, whereby the cruelty and false dealing of our neighbors is manifested.
It is certainly true that this island of Providence had never any white men on it until the English came, who first felled the trees and planted the land;
so that though these privateers had no order to take it, yet having once restored his Majesty to his ancient right, the retaking of it is a violating of the peace which they so much pretend to in these parts, which, with the breach of articles and ill-usage of our countrymen, is humbly referred to further consideration.
[The island of Providence https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro…]
Incloses,
Deposition of Robt. Rawlinsone, Isaac Webber, and Richard Cree,
before Sir Thos. Modyford,
concerning the Spaniards' dealings with the English upon Providence Island.
The 1st August 1666, having espied six sail of Spanish men-of-war, the Governor, Major Samuel Smith, commanded the inhabitants, "we were but one and fifty men," to keep in five or six forts on the Lesser Island;
they fought the Spaniards four days, until four forts being taken they surrendered on condition of having a small barque to transport them to Jamaica.
But when they had laid down their arms the Spaniards refused them the barque, and carried them slaves to Porto Bello, where they were chained to the ground in a dungeon 12 foot by 10, in which were 33 prisoners.
They were forced to work in the water from five in the morning till seven at night, and at such a rate that the Spaniards confessed they made one of them do more work than any three negroes, yet when weak with want of victuals and sleep they were knocked down and beaten with cudgells, and four or five died.
Having no clothes, their backs were blistered with the sun, their heads scorched, their necks, shoulders, and hands raw with carrying stones and mortar, their feet chopped, and their legs bruised and battered with the irons, and their corpses were noisome one to another.
The daily abuses of their religion and their King, and the continual trouble they had with friars, would be tedious to mention.
Certified to be a true copy by Sir Thos. Modyford, 5th Oct. 1668.
Together 2-½ pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., Nos. 60, 60 I.]
About Wednesday 18 November 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
Nov. 18. 1668
Whitehall.
#1875. Order of the King in Council annulling a previous Order of the King in Council of 23rd Oct. 1667.
Whereas the Council of Trade have represented that the merchants are withdrawing their estates from New York by reason of an indulgence granted to the Dutch by an Order in Council of 23rd Oct. 1667, to trade thither with three ships for seven years;
and allege that it will prevent the exportation of the manufactures of England;
and that his Majesty is not bound thereto by the Articles for the surrender of New York;
and do therefore desire that said Order and the passes thereupon granted may be revoked.
His Majesty approves the same, and hereby orders that said Order in Council of 23rd Oct. 1667 and all passes granted by virtue thereof to any Dutch ships to trade from Holland to New York be annulled;
yet, lest his Majesty's subjects there be in want of necessaries, and reflecting with clemency on those who may have been put to charge in making ready their ships, it is ordered that one of those now preparing in Holland for New York shall have leave to make one voyage thither this year; but no other foreign ship whatsoever henceforth, otherwise than according to said articles of surrender.
The Governor of New York and all others to cause the same to be duly observed.
Immediate notice is to be given to Sir Wm. Temple, his Majesty's Ambassador in Holland.
1-½ pp. Printed in New York Documents, III., 177, 178.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 84.]
===
Richard Nicolls (born 1624, Ampthill, Bedfordshire — died May 28, 1672, in the Battle of Solebay in the North Sea), the first English governor of the province of New York. Nicolls resigned the governorship in 1668 and returned to England, where he resumed his post as gentleman of the bedchamber to the Duke of York. Upon the outbreak of the Third Anglo-Dutch War in 1672, Nicolls volunteered to fight and was killed at Solebay.
https://www.britannica.com/biogra…
Many English colonists did not like Nicolls because they thought Oliver Cromwell had been their savior.
Francis Lovelace (c. 1621–1675) was an English Royalist and the second Governor of New York colony. The Duke of York appointed Lovelace in 1668 after the departure of Richard Nicolls. While in office he purchased Staten Island from the local Native Americans, among whom he sent Church of England missionaries, granted 'freedom of conscience' to the English, Dutch and Swedish populations of the colony, organised infantry and militia companies and expanded New York City's defences. During his time in NY, he ran and operated the King's House tavern (also known as Lovelace Tavern) in lower Manhattan.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fra…
About Wednesday 18 November 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
[Nov.] 1668
#1874. Report of the Council of Trade to the King.
They have received great complaints from the merchants and others trading to his Majesty's Plantations, and more especially that of New York, where they are altogether discouraged and withdrawing their estates.
Which complaints are grounded on an Order of Council of 23rd October 1667, whereby three or more ships are authorized to trade from Holland to New York for seven years;
which will carry as much linen, shoes, stockings, clothes, and other commodities as will not only supply New York, but Virginia, Barbados, and New England in a great measure, which if suffered, not only a great part of his Majesty's customs but the principal part of the Plantation trade will be lost.
Which order is said to be grounded on the 6th and 7th articles for the rendition of New York, but the Council do not find that his Majesty has any longer obligation by said articles to grant freedom of trade to the Dutch or any others beyond the first six months after said rendition, nor does the petition of Peter Stuyvesant so much as desire it, but it appears rather a mistake in drawing up said order, which only praying trade for his Majesty's subjects of New York, gains an order for the Dutch nation with three ships for seven years.
Humbly advise therefore that for the encouragement of English trade and manufactures, His Majesty forthwith revoke said order of 23 Oct. 1667, and all passes thereupon granted, and if passes have been granted for any ships already prepared in Holland for that trade, yet if not dispatched before the 10th inst., such passes shall not be of force after that day,
and that if any presume to trade with his Majesty's Plantations that they be dealt with as by the Acts for Navigation and encouragement of trade is enacted and declared.
Signed by Lords Ashley and Carlisle and 15 others.
3 pp. Printed in New York Documents, III., 175, 176, where two lines have been omitted from the original in the last paragraph but one.
[Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 83.]
About Wednesday 18 November 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
Pepys doesn't see anyone at Whitehall today because they are in Council figuring out some quite difficult problems, unlike our Diarist whose behaving worse than a 17 year old.
@@@
'America and West Indies: November 1668', in Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 622-629. British History Online
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…
Pages 622-629
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Nov. 18. 1668
Whitehall.
#1873. Order of the King in Council.
Present the King, Duke of York, Prince Rupert, Archbishop of Canterbury, and 24 others.
On petition of the owners of the Pearl of Bristol, praying for speedy payment of 1,475/. 8s. 8d., for the service of said ship at Nevis and St. Christopher's, and the report of the Lords of the Treasury of 10 June last on same.
That the expense, damage, and freight of said ship should be paid, but besides the want of money in his Majesty Exchequer here, they conceive it should be paid out of his Majesty's revenue in the Caribbee Islands;
and the rather that the demands of petitioners may be more fully examined there, and a better conclusion made than can be at so great a distance, it is thought fit, that order be sent to the Governor of Barbados to settle the accounts with the Council there as low as he can, and cause order of payment to be entered in a register for debts of this kind, to which any creditors may freely have recourse,
and that a register be also kept, to which creditors may also have access, of all his Majesty's revenues, a proportion to be set apart for supporting the charge of the Governor and the remainder for the creditors, according to the order of the register.
This their Lordships hope may tend to the satisfaction of the creditors and make it their interest to discover all frauds which are by some said to be practised.
Ordered that Sec. Lord Arlington cause a letter and instructions according to the above-mentioned report to be sent to Lord Willoughby and Council, to cause the same to be duly executed.
2-½ pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 82.]
===
William, 6th Baron Willoughby of Parham MP has been given the governorship of the ‘Charibbee”. See his report of 9 July, 1668
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
https://www.historyofparliamenton…
About Tuesday 17 November 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
'America and West Indies: November 1668', in Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 622-629. British History Online
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…
Pages 622-629
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Nov. 16? 1668
Barbados.
#1871. John Reid to (Sec. Lord Arlington).
Refers to his last of 13th July by Mr. Walker.
This goes by his Excellency, who he questions not will acquit himself with honor of the aspersions of his enemies, having been very active in his Majesty's service, and very impartial in distribution of justice.
"But, my Lord, we here are generally fiery spirited, and a mean planter thinks himself better than a good gentleman fellow in England, by which your Honour may conjecture, it is not easy to please all, and I shall only make bold to tell your Lordship in his favour, A adaxio Castellano, no hagaris y no temeis, which will be verified in him."
Lord Willoughby carries account of the prize Golden Lyon;
makes bold to mind the Lords Commissioners for prizes of the salary promised him, and intreats his Honour to forward it.
Indorsed, 16 Nov. 1668.
1 p. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., No. 81.]
===
William, 6th Baron Willoughby of Parham MP has been given the governorship of the ‘Charibbee”. See his report of 9 July, 1668
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
https://www.historyofparliamenton…
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Nov. 17. 1668
Barbados
#1872. Minutes of the Council of Barbados.
Whereas his Excellency intends a voyage to the Leeward Isles and thence to England, and has occasion to take off his Majesty's Great Seal with him;
ordered that the seal in the hands of George Thornburgh, Chief Clerk of the Chancery, shall be used for all subpœnas, commissions, and writts whatsoever issuing from this Court till the Broad Seal be returned.
1 p. [Col. Entry Bk., No. XI, p. 178.]
===
I suppose His Excellency is William, 6th Baron Willoughby of Parham MP. He's left for England, taking the official Great Seal with him so no one can do anything official while he's away?
"I rolled it in my socks by accident, Your Honor."
No, I don't think that would fly.
About Monday 9 November 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
Follow up to some news from the colonies ...
In 1668 James, Duke of York expressed tacit approval of plunder when he sent the Oxford to take command of the Jamaican privateers and ensure himself a good share of the prize monies, although he was disappointed as the ship was blown up in an accident soon after arriving in the Caribbean.
The Stuart brothers and various courtiers had investments in other ships although it proved difficult to extract a profit at a distance and most of the large prize money went to those on the spot in the Caribbean.
With semi-official sanction Gov. Sir Thomas Modyford pursued his pro-privateering policy, with one short break, until the end of his government in 1671, and the period, which witnessed the famous exploits of Henry Morgan at Portobello and Panama, is known as the heyday of the buccaneers.
http://www.britishempire.co.uk/ma…
About Thursday 9 July 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
CONCLUSION:
By his Majesty cherishing this island it is incredible what it might be;
and if some additions of cattle be put in Barbuda, a few years will find it the shambles for his Majesty's fleets sent here.
Had presented these and many other matters of concernment in person, had not his Majesty ordered his continuance in these parts.
7 pp. [Col. Entry Bk., No. V., pp. 115-121.]
About Thursday 9 July 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
PART 3
Has sent home an account of his demand for St. Kitts,
and can now of two other voyages thither since to his Majesty's great charge.
Saba And Eustatia:
Within three and ten leagues of St. Kitts, lost in the late war;
Saba taken and planted by the French and Dutch, and
Eustatia by the Dutch.
These islands are very considerable to St. Kitts, especially Saba, which is of great strength and easily defensible by a few against vast numbers;
the French very lately, to avoid restitution to his Majesty, have put in a Dutchman Governor.
Far leeward of St. Kitts lies Anguilla,
on which are 200 or 300 English, mostly fled thither during the war;
'tis not worth keeping, and most would come off to Antigua could they get a passage;
Capt. Abraham Howell is Governor.
On an island called Tortola
are 80 Irish, English, and Welsh under the Dutch, who only want means to come off.
Concluded a peace with the Indians in March last, whereby his Majesty has a right to all the islands.
At San Domingo
has commissioned one Warner, "a Musteech," whose father was Governor of St. Kitts and his mother an Indian, and who has suffered exceedingly by the French for his loyalty to the English.
Sta. Lucia
is his Majesty's by purchase from the natives; has the conveyance;
it is about the bigness of Barbados;
covered with woods, and not above 60 Indians on it;
very unhealthful, and formerly planted by English, who almost all died there;
plenty of excellent timber, whereof the French carry great quantities to Martinique and Guadaloupe.
St. Vincents:
About the bigness of Barbados, and covered with wood;
inhabited only by Indians and blacks, who acknowledge themselves subjects to the King of England.
The Indians are turbulent and active; must always keep English among them to put them upon some warlike design against some nation on the main, the better to divert them from acting any mischief against the English colonies, for the French are frequently among them and ready to invite them to breach and blood;
must furnish them with toys and strong liquors for a while, for which, and for some of their periagoes (Indian boats), for which there is great necessity at Antigua, he must put his Majesty to some expense.
Concludes with a reiteration of what is necessary here:
Firstly, a fleet of nimble vessels, for dispersing orders to his dispersed government, gleaning up the many English from the French islands who are too poor to pay for their passages, and one good frigate for his own transport, and to justify his Majesty's flag on occasion.
Secondly, arms and ammunition.
Thirdly, some privileges for a time for Antigua, which might be made the emporium of the Indies by reason of its situation, harbors, and richness of soil.
About Thursday 9 July 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
PART 2
Antigua:
Not inferior to Barbados in bigness, and in soil equaling the best of the Caribbees;
incomparable harbors;
his son Henry, Governor;
1,100 men on the island, formed into a regiment, but the greatest part want arms.
Without some privileges for a time it can never rise to any greatness, but once furthered by his Majesty's favor it will prove a second Barbados.
The land having been regained from the French, all old titles and claims were made void by an Act sent for his Majesty's confirmation, by which the grand quantities engrossed by former Governors and their favorites are free for settlers.
Has confirmed their lands to all present inhabitants, and passed an Act for 4½ per cent., but not to be collected till his Majesty's pleasure be known.
Also an Act for allowing 10 acres per head to settlers, and has appointed two places for towns adjoining the most commodious harbors, and reserved convenient lands for his Majesty's use near the best, called English harbor;
they will suddenly make great crops of tobacco and some sugar, and it would be of great concernment if the Royal [African] Company would order supplies of negroes, but one of the chiefest wants of all the islands is pious, learned, and orthodox divines.
About eight leagues to northward and in his son's government is Barbuda, half as big, and the most proper island in the Indies for cattle, horses, and sheep; it has been settled and deserted, but he has since resettled it.
Montserrat:
Seven leagues leeward of Antigua, very fertile, and well re-settled; most of the inhabitants Irish;
first empowered one Stanley, an old planter, Governor, but has now commissioned Stapleton, Lt.-Col. to Sir Tobias Bridge, a gentleman of known valor and integrity and born in Ireland, and therefor understands the better to govern his countrymen.
Nevis:
Leeward of this island 14 leagues, which the late war and long settling have much decayed, and the late hurricane greatly injured;
the inhabitants were overburdened with ruined families forced thither for refuge during the war, and were exceedingly grateful and civil to the soldiers, even beyond their abilities;
the island is sickly and many chief settlers are removing for Antigua;
has continued Col. James Russell Governor.
About Thursday 9 July 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
PLANTATION CORRESPONDENCE, July 1668
https://www.british-history.ac.uk…
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[July 9.] 1668
[Barbados.]
#1788. Gov. Wm. Lord Willoughby to the Lords of the Council.
Has formerly given an account of his government, but will now present them with a more perfect relation by his son William, experience and personal observation having better enabled him to do so.
Barbados:
Contains 100,000 acres, and renders not by two-thirds its former production by the acre;
the land is almost worn out, the thickets where cotton and corn are planted so burnt up that the inhabitants are ready to desert their plantations.
It is divided into 11 parishes, with ministers whose lives for the generality run counter to their doctrines, but not less than 60,000 souls, of which 40,000 blacks, whose different tongues and animosities have kept them from insurrection, but fears the Creolian generation now growing up and increasing may hereafter "mancipate" their masters.
The militia consists of six regiments of foot, two of horse, and a life guard, in all about 6,000;
the forts are few and none of the strongest, and for artillery no island in the universe of half such concernment is half so ill furnished:
the magazine was large, but was consumed with the town, and arms and ammunition are greatly wanting at Antigua, Montserrat, and Nevis.
The town was large and populous but very disorderly built; has ordered it to be rebuilt according to a form drawn by Commissioners, but finds a great averseness to it.
Has presented their Lordships by his son with the names of all in ecclesiastical, civil, and military offices.
About Thursday 12 November 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
'America and West Indies: November 1668', in Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661-1668, ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 622-629. British History Online
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…
Pages 622-629
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Nov. 12. 1668
Essex House.
#1870. Order of the Council of Trade.
That Sec. Lord Arlington be desired to represent to his Majesty as the advice of this Council, —
that whereas both by the Treaty of Breda and the private Articles granted to the inhabitants of Surinam the 24 Febry./6 March. 1667, by the Dutch commander Abraham Crynsens,
and afterwards confirmed by him when he took possession of the place, the English have liberty to depart thence at any time with their goods, servants, &c.;
and that said privilege is denied them, and the late Governor Serj.-Major Banister has been sent to Zealand prisoner for having demanded the benefit of said Treaty and private Articles.
His Majesty may take order for the effectual execution of said Treaty and Articles and for redress of the injuries done.
Signed by P. Du Moulin, Sec.
Also, Mem. of the articles above mentioned.
Together 2 papers.
1½ pp. [Col. Papers, Vol. XXIII., Nos. 79, 80.]
About Friday 24 August 1660
San Diego Sarah • Link
Background on Special Envoy Henri de Massue, Marquis De Ruvigny (1603 - 1689)
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
About Friday 24 August 1660
San Diego Sarah • Link
Charles II returns to Whitehall ... they are expecting a visitor of France:
In 1660, England having lately been regarded as a first-rate Protestant power, and Charles II being viewed with suspicion in England as being half a Romanist, the French government resolved to send a Protestant envoy to compliment Charles on his restoration.
Henri de Massue, Marquis de Ruvigny was selected as a most eligible nobleman, particularly because he was also the brother-in-law of Treasurer Wriothesley, the Earl of Southampton.
The Marquis had other acquaintances in England, among whom was the Countess-Dowager of Derby, née Charlotte de la Tremoïlle.
Lady Derby wrote to her cousin and sister-in-law, the Duchess de la Tremoïlle from London, 13 August, 1660, “I shall be very glad if M. De Ruvigny comes; I was acquainted with him before; but I did not know he was so much attached to you; and I will do as you wish.” [11]
Secretary Sir William Nicholas wrote, 24 August, 1660, “Monsieur De Ruvigny is coming as envoy from France.”
Robert Covin, master of the ship Alliance of Dieppe, petitioned “for an order for exemption from tonnage — is employed for transport of the horses, baggage, &c, of Monsieur De Ruvigny, a person of state lately come from France, and hath brought no other goods; such vessels are usually exempt from duty.”
Secretary Nicholas again wrote on September 6, 1660: “Monsieur De Ruvigny, French Envoy, has had several audiences.”
The Countess-Dowager of Derby, Charlotte de la Tremoïlle, wrote on September 22, 1660: “M. De Ruvigny has been twice to see me.”
About this time Henri de Massue, Marquis de Ruvigny seems to have been made a French Privy Councillor, for in 1661 Daillé’s Exposition of 1st Timothy was published, dedicated to Monsieur De Ruvigny, as “Conseiller du Roi en ses conseils, Lieutenant-General de ses armées, et Deputé-General des Eglises Reformées de France auprès de sa Majesté.”
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11. Lady Derby was Charlotte, daughter of Claude, Duc de la Tremoïlle by Lady Charlotte Brabantine de Nassau, daughter of William the Silent, Prince of Orange, and Charlotte de Bourbon Montpensier, the prince’s third wife. She was writing to Marie de la Tour d’Auvergne, daughter of the Duc de Bouillon by Elizabeth de Nassau, and grand-daughter of William the Silent, and his fourth wife, Louise de Coligny.
When the French church in the Savoy, London, was opened on 14 July 1661, Lady Derby was present with her daughter Amelia Sophia, Countess of Athole.
Charles II esteemed Lady Derby highly and promised to make her the governess of his children; but the expected royal family was never born.
She died in 1664, aged 83.
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No doubt Charles II admired Lady Derby because of her spirited defense of Lathom House. It is one of the classic stories about the English Civil Wars:
http://www.historyofwar.org/artic…
About Saturday 14 March 1667/68
San Diego Sarah • Link
More about the Roux de Marcilly story:
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
About Friday 29 May 1668
San Diego Sarah • Link
PART 2:
In connection with the first of these excuses, de Ruvigny at this date did not despair of the French Protestants obtaining the lasting protection of Louis XIV.
Ruvigny was in the habit of warning the king that the furious and blind zeal of his confessor and of the provincial magistrates would drive out of him the generosity and equity which were natural to him.
The odium of frequent oppressions and persecutions was always imputed to Roman Catholic priests and bigoted advisers, and not to the king himself, who was believed to be tolerant and humane.
Religion was not a subject of which the monarch had any accurate knowledge, or for which he had any enthusiastic predilection; and the feuds of the Jesuits and Jansenists within the pale of the Roman Catholic Church were fitted to weaken his attachment to that body, and also to contradict the theory that there would be peace and unanimity if there were no Huguenot party in the kingdom.
The Protestant people commended themselves to Louis XIV by their honesty, industry, and talents.
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…