On the figure of Tyburn Tree this site hangs a collection of links to 17-18c resources on a topic that runs its twisted course down to public lynchings and internet beheadings.
On the figure of Tyburn Tree this site hangs a collection of links to 17-18c resources http://tyburngallows.googlepages.… on a topic that runs its course down to the current century.
The "pageant in Cornhill": an elevated moving display ad "in" the Street? a signature visual landmark, since Sam finds it "taken down [to be] pretty strange"? (Recalling reactions to changes in the same in Times Square in NYC. A change of ownership, or the "pageant" wasn't cost-effective? Sam showing he's not an entrepreneur?) Or...?
Was this a common means of dealing with the night air and a nagging pain, or the result of Sam’s successful experiment?
Friday 18 October 1661: “This night lying alone, and the weather cold, and having this last 7 or 8 days been troubled with a tumor . . . which is now abated by a poultice…, I first put on my waistcoat to lie in all night this year, and do not intend to put it off again till spring.” http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1…
Did Sam forget to latch his cod-piece securely, when up by 5 o'clock yesterday, and bump against furniture when getting his house in order? Oy: Some mischance!
"Robert Annis was workman to the King's plumber, and the alleged offence had taken place in December 1661: CSPD 1661-2, p. 190; cf. PRO, Adm. 20/3, p. 63. Pepys, in common with other Principal Officers, was a J.P. for the counties in which the royal dockyards were situated. An act of 1664 (renewed in 1666) simplified the procedure for prosecutions in cases of embezzlement, the Navy Board (or any two of them) being given some of the powers of the magistrates.... But filching persisted: for some of the evidence, see Cat., i. 186-7." L&M, 13 July, 1662, n. 2.
O, good! Since it is a "wiki," a source about the weekend's vintage can be fixed by one of you or more, adding qualifications -- taking class, etc., into account.
A "wiki" can be edited online by anyone from anywhere. (I've provided minor errata and addenda to it -- yesterday a date of a concert I attended for the article on "Bob Dylan".) Here's the source again, editing instructions provided:
Nice citation, Jerry Atkinson! Similarly, Connecticut law required retail establishments of size to be closed on Sunday; Jewish merchants earned permission to close on Saturday instead = a grocery was always open, at least until the 1970's.
Dirk, my main point is that Sam couldn't have imagined a weekend -- even to diregard so he could work overtime -- because there won't be one for 200 years, when the English labour movement gives rise to the five-day work week. (Sorry: I copied and pasted that rather awkwardly.)
Dirk, perhaps you will agree that the answer to Nix's question doesn't depend on the meaning of "English week"? Perhaps others will agree with you. I've failed to find evidence to contradict the claim of http://www.nationmaster.com/encyc… that the term "English week" is used for the five-days work week and the credit for inventing the weekend goes to a 19c labour movement in England. (Cf. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Week… )
"Only the labour and workers rights movements in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century saw a five day work week introduced as Saturday became a day of rest and relaxation. This movement began in England. In several languages, the word for weekend is an adaptation of weekend or the term "English week" is used for the five-days work week. The workweek, literally, refers to the period of time that an individual spends at paid occupational labor. ..."
Notice the many ways Sam uses the experiential = experimental method to establish various truths to his satisfaction in this one entry: he "viewed" (5, including Mr. Coventry's chamber), “saw”(2), “found” (5, including Mr. Coventry's chamber) — “knows that his business is the reality more than the reflection” as Xjy said:
“down to Deptford…and there viewed some deals…we found them good. Then to Woolwich, and viewed well all the houses and stores there,….and then to Mr. Ackworth's and Sheldon's to view their books, which we found not to answer the King's service and security at all as to the stores. Then to the Ropeyard, and there viewed the hemp, wherein we found great corruption, and then saw a trial between Sir R. Ford's yarn and our own, and found great odds….; and at Mr. Coventry's chamber, which is very neat and fine….”
" before I went to the office I practised my arithmetique"
I wonder how he did that? Recite the multiplication tables, then check the answers? I can't recall how I learned them when I was 10, over a half-century ago.
"despatching...businesses...till night, and so home and by daylight to bed."
This recurrent turn of speech says to me that the suggestion that "night" = too dark to read, and "daylight" = something like dusk, with enough light to forego a link, is correct.
If Latin was expected of entrants to colleges in colonial times, Australian Susan, it sure isn't now. I was fortunate enough to have had 4 years in high school in the late 1950's, in a Southern California HS where 96% of my class went on to some higher ed -- I to Stanford and more Latin; my ex- in Connectcut in a Yale-influenced HS; but it is now more rare (Latin in her HS is gone, in mime it persists; those enrolled are 1st generation Chinese-Americans).
Was Latin ever required for admission to the American equivalents of Oxford?
"In 1750, Harvard demanded that applicants be able to extemporaneously "read, construe, and parse Cicero, Virgil, or such like classical authors and to write Latin in prose, and to be skilled in making Latin verse, or at least to know the rules of Prosodia, and to read, construe, and parse ordinary Greek as in the New testament, Isocrates, or such like and decline the paradigms of Greek nouns and verbs." Of note is the fact that John Trumball, the illustrious artist, passed Harvard's exacting entrance exam at only 12 years of age.
"Alexander Hamilton's alma mater, King's College (now Columbia), had similarly stringent prerequisites for prospective students. Applicants were required to "give a rational account of the Greek and Latin grammars, read three orations of Cicero and three books of Virgil's Aeneid, and translate the first 10 chapters of John from Greek into Latin."
"James Madison had it no easier when he applied for entrance to the College of New Jersey (now Princeton) in 1769. Madison and his fellow applicants were obliged to demonstrate "the ability to write Latin prose, translate Virgil, Cicero, and the Greek gospels and a commensurate knowledge of Latin and Greek grammar."
A most complete list of diaries of the 1600's is the Diary Research Website
..."a guide to historical and literary sources, in the forms of Diaries and Journals, from all periods and parts of the world, which have been printed in English; its principal content is a searchable version of part of the second edition of An Annotated Bibliography of Diaries Printed in English, compiled by Christopher Handley and published in hardback and electronic formats by Hanover Press." - Christopher Sampson Handley, 2002 and 2005 http://www.diarysearch.co.uk/inde…
“The form of the Bibliography follows the pattern set by William Matthews…: diarists are listed alphabetically under the year in which the first diary entry occurs….” http://www.diarysearch.co.uk/new_… A clue to the richness of the site is that the year 1660 yields, besides Wheatley and L&M, 8 further Pepys sources (if my count be right) and the works of 6 other diarists. http://diarysearch.co.uk/Subweb/1… The 1600’s offer 60 web-pages of diaries, averaging 7/=420, many restricted to a locale or a voyage, etc., most British, some colonial, some translations (the oldest diary tradition is the Japanese, pioneered by noblewomen): http://diarysearch.co.uk/Subweb/n…
Here is the entry for Barlow, noted by Pedro: BARLOW, Edward (b.1642) of Prestwich, Lancashire B27 1659 to 1703 Matthews: Sea diary; in King’s ships, East and West Indiamen, and other merchantmen; life at sea and ashore; the lure of the sea; excellent diary of voyages and observations of a common seaman and details of the sailor’s life; modernised, but very interesting language and conversation. 1. Barlow’s Journal of his Life at Sea in King’s Ships, East & West Indiamen & Other Merchantmen from 1659-1703 edited by Basil Lubbock. London, Hurst and Blackett, two volumes, 1934. 2. Extracts: Houlbrooke, p 34. http://diarysearch.co.uk/Subweb/1…
To Rule the Waves: How the British Navy Shaped the Modern World by Arthur Herman (HarperCollins, Oct. 2004), available for searching online as a Google Print book, in a series of lively incidents traces the story in 21 chapters from the 16c competition with Spain over transatlantic slavery to the 20c "Long Journey Home."
But the navy becomes itself in Chap. Nine, as "Mr. Pepys' Navy."
Comments
First Reading
About Executions
Terry Foreman • Link
Tyburn Tree and Public Execution in Early Modern England
http://tyburngallows.googlepages.…
On the figure of Tyburn Tree this site hangs a collection of links to 17-18c resources on a topic that runs its twisted course down to public lynchings and internet beheadings.
[Link updated from http://www.evergreen.loyola.edu/~… on 26 May 2009. P.G.]
About Tyburn
Terry Foreman • Link
Tyburn Tree and Public Execution in Early Modern England
http://tyburngallows.googlepages.…
On the figure of Tyburn Tree this site hangs a collection of links to 17-18c resources http://tyburngallows.googlepages.… on a topic that runs its course down to the current century.
[Links updated from http://www.evergreen.loyola.edu/~… on 26 May 2009. P.G.]
About Monday 14 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
The "pageant in Cornhill": an elevated moving display ad "in" the Street? a signature visual landmark, since Sam finds it "taken down [to be] pretty strange"? (Recalling reactions to changes in the same in Times Square in NYC. A change of ownership, or the "pageant" wasn't cost-effective? Sam showing he's not an entrepreneur?) Or...?
About Monday 14 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
"This night I began to put on my waistcoat also.”
Was this a common means of dealing with the night air and a nagging pain, or the result of Sam’s successful experiment?
Friday 18 October 1661: “This night lying alone, and the weather cold, and having this last 7 or 8 days been troubled with a tumor . . . which is now abated by a poultice…, I first put on my waistcoat to lie in all night this year, and do not intend to put it off again till spring.” http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1…
About Sunday 13 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
Did Sam forget to latch his cod-piece securely, when up by 5 o'clock yesterday, and bump against furniture when getting his house in order? Oy: Some mischance!
About Robert Annis
Terry Foreman • Link
"Robert Annis was workman to the King's plumber, and the alleged offence had taken place in December 1661: CSPD 1661-2, p. 190; cf. PRO, Adm. 20/3, p. 63. Pepys, in common with other Principal Officers, was a J.P. for the counties in which the royal dockyards were situated. An act of 1664 (renewed in 1666) simplified the procedure for prosecutions in cases of embezzlement, the Navy Board (or any two of them) being given some of the powers of the magistrates.... But filching persisted: for some of the evidence, see Cat., i. 186-7." L&M, 13 July, 1662, n. 2.
About Sunday 13 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
"Having by some mischance hurt my cods. I had my old pain...."
About Saturday 12 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
O, good! Since it is a "wiki," a source about the weekend's vintage can be fixed by one of you or more, adding qualifications -- taking class, etc., into account.
A "wiki" can be edited online by anyone from anywhere. (I've provided minor errata and addenda to it -- yesterday a date of a concert I attended for the article on "Bob Dylan".) Here's the source again, editing instructions provided:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Week…)
Nice citation, Jerry Atkinson! Similarly, Connecticut law required retail establishments of size to be closed on Sunday; Jewish merchants earned permission to close on Saturday instead = a grocery was always open, at least until the 1970's.
About Saturday 12 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
Dirk, my main point is that Sam couldn't have imagined a weekend -- even to diregard so he could work overtime -- because there won't be one for 200 years, when the English labour movement gives rise to the five-day work week. (Sorry: I copied and pasted that rather awkwardly.)
About Saturday 12 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
Dirk, perhaps you will agree that the answer to Nix's question doesn't depend on the meaning of "English week"? Perhaps others will agree with you. I've failed to find evidence to contradict the claim of http://www.nationmaster.com/encyc… that the term "English week" is used for the five-days work week and the credit for inventing the weekend goes to a 19c labour movement in England. (Cf. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Week… )
About Saturday 12 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
"When was the weekend invented?"
"Only the labour and workers rights movements in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century saw a five day work week introduced as Saturday became a day of rest and relaxation. This movement began in England. In several languages, the word for weekend is an adaptation of weekend or the term "English week" is used for the five-days work week. The workweek, literally, refers to the period of time that an individual spends at paid occupational labor. ..."
http://www.nationmaster.com/encyc…
About Friday 11 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
Notice the many ways Sam uses the experiential = experimental method to establish various truths to his satisfaction in this one entry: he "viewed" (5, including Mr. Coventry's chamber), “saw”(2), “found” (5, including Mr. Coventry's chamber) — “knows that his business is the reality more than the reflection” as Xjy said:
“down to Deptford…and there viewed some deals…we found them good. Then to Woolwich, and viewed well all the houses and stores there,….and then to Mr. Ackworth's and Sheldon's to view their books, which we found not to answer the King's service and security at all as to the stores. Then to the Ropeyard, and there viewed the hemp, wherein we found great corruption, and then saw a trial between Sir R. Ford's yarn and our own, and found great odds….; and at Mr. Coventry's chamber, which is very neat and fine….”
About Thursday 10 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
" before I went to the office I practised my arithmetique"
I wonder how he did that? Recite the multiplication tables, then check the answers? I can't recall how I learned them when I was 10, over a half-century ago.
About Thursday 10 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
"despatching...businesses...till night, and so home and by daylight to bed."
This recurrent turn of speech says to me that the suggestion that "night" = too dark to read, and "daylight" = something like dusk, with enough light to forego a link, is correct.
About Friday 4 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
If Latin was expected of entrants to colleges in colonial times, Australian Susan, it sure isn't now.
I was fortunate enough to have had 4 years in high school in the late 1950's, in a Southern California HS where 96% of my class went on to some higher ed -- I to Stanford and more Latin; my ex- in Connectcut in a Yale-influenced HS; but it is now more rare (Latin in her HS is gone, in mime it persists; those enrolled are 1st generation Chinese-Americans).
About Friday 4 July 1662
Terry Foreman • Link
Was Latin ever required for admission to the American equivalents of Oxford?
"In 1750, Harvard demanded that applicants be able to extemporaneously "read, construe, and parse Cicero, Virgil, or such like classical authors and to write Latin in prose, and to be skilled in making Latin verse, or at least to know the rules of Prosodia, and to read, construe, and parse ordinary Greek as in the New testament, Isocrates, or such like and decline the paradigms of Greek nouns and verbs." Of note is the fact that John Trumball, the illustrious artist, passed Harvard's exacting entrance exam at only 12 years of age.
"Alexander Hamilton's alma mater, King's College (now Columbia), had similarly stringent prerequisites for prospective students. Applicants were required to "give a rational account of the Greek and Latin grammars, read three orations of Cicero and three books of Virgil's Aeneid, and translate the first 10 chapters of John from Greek into Latin."
"James Madison had it no easier when he applied for entrance to the College of New Jersey (now Princeton) in 1769. Madison and his fellow applicants were obliged to demonstrate "the ability to write Latin prose, translate Virgil, Cicero, and the Greek gospels and a commensurate knowledge of Latin and Greek grammar."
http://www.grecoreport.com/the_fo…
About Biographies of related people
Terry Foreman • Link
King Charles I by Pauline Gregg - ebook readable & searchable online
A very nice history that places Charles' kingship in European and domestic contexts, with the table of contents alway visible on the left as you read.
University of California Press, Berkeley -- Los Angeles -- Oxford, 1984 http://content.cdlib.org:8088/xtf…
Hardcover
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos…
Paperback
Pub. Phoenix Press; New Ed edition (April 1, 2001)
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos…
Paperback
Pub, Weidenfeld & Nicholson history, 2000
http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obid…
About Contemporary diaries
Terry Foreman • Link
A most complete list of diaries of the 1600's is the Diary Research Website
..."a guide to historical and literary sources, in the forms of Diaries and Journals, from all periods and parts of the world, which have been printed in English; its principal content is a searchable version of part of the second edition of An Annotated Bibliography of Diaries Printed in English, compiled by Christopher Handley and published in hardback and electronic formats by Hanover Press." - Christopher Sampson Handley, 2002 and 2005 http://www.diarysearch.co.uk/inde…
“The form of the Bibliography follows the pattern set by William Matthews…: diarists are listed alphabetically under the year in which the first diary entry occurs….” http://www.diarysearch.co.uk/new_… A clue to the richness of the site is that the year 1660 yields, besides Wheatley and L&M, 8 further Pepys sources (if my count be right) and the works of 6 other diarists. http://diarysearch.co.uk/Subweb/1… The 1600’s offer 60 web-pages of diaries, averaging 7/=420, many restricted to a locale or a voyage, etc., most British, some colonial, some translations (the oldest diary tradition is the Japanese, pioneered by noblewomen): http://diarysearch.co.uk/Subweb/n…
Here is the entry for Barlow, noted by Pedro: BARLOW, Edward (b.1642) of Prestwich, Lancashire B27 1659 to 1703 Matthews: Sea diary; in King’s ships, East and West Indiamen, and other merchantmen; life at sea and ashore; the lure of the sea; excellent diary of voyages and observations of a common seaman and details of the sailor’s life; modernised, but very interesting language and conversation. 1. Barlow’s Journal of his Life at Sea in King’s Ships, East & West Indiamen & Other Merchantmen from 1659-1703 edited by Basil Lubbock. London, Hurst and Blackett, two volumes, 1934. 2. Extracts: Houlbrooke, p 34. http://diarysearch.co.uk/Subweb/1…
About Non-fiction about Pepys' time
Terry Foreman • Link
Birth, Marriage, and Death: Ritual, Religion, and the Life-Cycle in Tudor and Stuart England by David Cressy (Oxford, 1999)
In Chapters on Birth (4), Baptism (4), Churchings (1), Courtship (2), Marriage (5) and Death (4), 44 pages draw on evidence from the Pepys Diary.
Amazon.co.uk - Hardcover and paperback
http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obid…
Amazon.com - hardcover
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos…
Amazon.com - paperback
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos…
About Non-fiction about Pepys' time
Terry Foreman • Link
To Rule the Waves: How the British Navy Shaped the Modern World by Arthur Herman (HarperCollins, Oct. 2004), available for searching online as a Google Print book, in a series of lively incidents traces the story in 21 chapters from the 16c competition with Spain over transatlantic slavery to the 20c "Long Journey Home."
But the navy becomes itself in Chap. Nine, as "Mr. Pepys' Navy."
http://print.google.com/print?id=…
Hardcover http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos…
Hardcover and paperback (Perennial, Nov. 1, 2005)
http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obid…