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Sir John Denham (1614 or 1615 – 19 March 1669) was an English poet and courtier. He served as Surveyor of the King's Works and is buried in Westminster Abbey.
Denham was born in Dublin to Sir John Denham, judge and Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer , and his second wife Eleanor. He was educated at Trinity College, Oxford and at Lincoln's Inn in London.
He began his literary career with a tragedy, The Sophy (1641), but his poem, Cooper's Hill (1642), is the work by which he is remembered. It is the first example in English of a poem devoted to local description, describing the Thames scenery round his home at Egham in Surrey. Denham wrote many versions of this poem, reflecting the political and cultural upheavals of the British Civil War. Denham received extravagant praise from Dr Samuel Johnson; but the place now assigned him is a much more humble one. His verse is smooth, clear, and agreeable, and occasionally a thought is expressed with remarkable terseness and force.
In his earlier years Denham suffered for his Royalism; during the English Civil War, he was appointed High Sheriff of Surrey (for 1642) and governor of Farnham Castle, but after the Restoration enjoyed prosperity. He, however, made an unhappy marriage, and his last years were clouded by dementia.
Although he initially trained as a lawyer, after the Restoration he succeeded (pre-Restoration) Inigo Jones as Surveyor of the King's Works. However, though he claimed that the post had been promised him in 1649, it is likely the 1661 appointment was more for reasons of his earlier political services than for any aptitude as an architect: John Webb, who, as Inigo Jones' deputy had the competence to have served in the post, and complained "though Mr. Denham may, as most gentry, have some knowledge of the theory of architecture, he can have none of the practice and must employ another."[1]there is no evidence that he personally designed any buildings, although he seems to have been a competent administrator. John Webb was appointed Denham's deputy by 1664 and did Denham's work at Greenwich (from 1666) and elsewhere; with Denham's increasing mental incapacity, Charles II requested in March 1669 that Christopher Wren be appointed Denham's "sole deputy"; Wren succeeded him as King's Surveyor upon his death two weeks later.
Denham became a Member of Parliament for Old Sarum in 1661, became a Fellow of the Royal Society on 20 May 1663, and became a Knight of the Bath.
He was buried in Poets' Corner of Westminster Abbey.
[edit] References
- ^ Quoted in Howard Colvin, A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 1600-1840, 3rd ed. (Yale University Press), 1995, s.v. "Denham, Sir John;" Denham has a brief entry ex officio.
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Cousin, John William (1910). A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature. London, J. M. Dent & Sons; New York, E. P. Dutton.
- H.M. Colvin, A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 1600-1840 (1997) ISBN 0-300-07207-4
- Kelliher, W. H. (January 2008). "Denham, Sir John (1614/15–1669)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/7481. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/7481. Retrieved 2009-06-07.
[edit] External links
| Court offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by John Embree | Surveyor of the King's Works 1660–1669 | Succeeded by Christopher Wren |
| Parliament of England | ||
| Preceded by Seymour Bowman John Norden | Member of Parliament for Old Sarum 1661–1669 With: Edward Nicholas | Succeeded by Edward Nicholas Eliab Harvey |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Denham, John |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 1615 |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | 1669 |
| Place of death | |
Annotations
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1615-69, English poet and dramatist. His fame rests largely on two works: Cooper’s Hill (1642), a topographical poem, combining descriptions of scenery with moral reflections, and The Sophy, a historical tragedy of the Turkish court, acted in 1641. He served the royalists during the Puritan revolution and as a result was made surveyor general of the royal works. He was knighted in 1661.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/D/Denham-S1.aspHe was born at Dublin in 1615; the only son of Sir John Denham, of Little Horsely in Essex ….more..
http://www.hn.psu.edu/Faculty/KKemmerer/poets/denham/default.htm159 My eye, descending from the hill, surveys
160Where Thames amongst the wanton valleys strays;
161Thames, the most lov’d of all the Ocean’s sons
162By his old sire, to his embraces runs,
163Hasting to pay his tribute to the sea,
164Like mortal life to meet eternity.
165Though with those streams he no resemblance hold
http://eir.library.utoronto.ca/rpo/display/poem629.html
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A passage from one of his poems:
From “Directions to a Painter Concerning the Dutch War,” 1667 — the passage is about Charles Berkeley.